Ku Cari Sehat - Arrhythmias are heart problems that occur when the organ beats too fast, too slow, or irregularly. It is caused by electrical impulses that controls the heartbeat is not working properly.
There are four types of arrhythmias are relatively common, among them:
- Bradycardia, a condition when the heart beats more slowly or irregularly.
- Supraventricular tachycardia, a condition when the heart is beating abnormally fast.
- Atrial fibrillation, a condition that occurs when the heartbeat becomes irregular and organ contraction rate is very high.
- Ventricular fibrillation, which is a type of arrhythmia that can cause the sufferer to lose consciousness or sudden death due to rapid heart rate and irregular.
- As a result of heart rate becomes too slow, too fast, or irregular, patients with arrhythmias may experience symptoms such as the following:
- Tired
- Dizzy
- Hard to breathe
- Chest pain
- Nearly fainting or even fainting
See your doctor if you suddenly or often experience symptoms like that. This is so that a doctor can diagnose the type of arrhythmia you quickly and provide appropriate treatment. Diagnosis is also very important to ensure you do not suffer any kind of lethal arrhythmias, such as ventricular fibrillation.
Someone who develop symptoms of arrhythmias of ventricular fibrillation can be passed out in a very quick time, or even the loss of pulse and not breathing. This happens due to the slump in blood pressure and the blood supply to vital organs such as the brain, stalled because of the inability of the heart to pump blood.
If by chance you find an arrhythmia patients experiencing it, immediately brought to the nearest hospital or call an ambulance. If you are trained to do artificial breathing or CPR, these methods do while waiting for help to arrive so that the chances of survival of patients remains great.
The cause of arrhythmia
- There are several factors that can cause a person to experience arrhythmias, among them:
- stress
- Air pollution
- Smoke
- drug use
- Electric shock
- The side effects of medicines
- Too much caffeine or alcohol
- Suffering from disorders of the thyroid gland
- suffer from diabetes
- Suffering from hypertension or high blood pressure
- Exposed to or have ever had a heart attack
- Suffering from coronary heart disease
- Changes in the structure of the heart
Diagnosis of Arrhythmias
Several types of diagnostic methods for diseases common arrhythmias are:
- Echocardiogram. Examination aimed to evaluate the valves and heart muscle to detect the cause of arrhythmias is done with the help of ultrasound waves.
- The electrocardiogram (ECG). The aim of this diagnosis method to record electrical activity in the heart with the help of a tool called electrode.
- Exercise stress test. This diagnosis method combined with an electrocardiogram. In the pressure test, the patient will be asked to do physical exercise, such as ride a stationary bike or walking on a treadmill. Then the blood pressure and heart rate of patients studied through the monitor. Through this pressure test, the doctor can see how much the level of the regularity of the heart rhythm before it was transformed by the influence of physical activity earlier.
- Holter Monitor. The purpose of this examination as well as the workings of the actual equipment used is similar to an electrocardiogram. But the difference device called a Holter monitor can be brought home to record a patient's heart activity during her routine every day.
- Electrophysiological study. Through this method, the location airtmia and the cause can be determined by using the technique of mapping the spread of electrical impulses within the heart. In mapping, the doctor will insert a catheter incorporating multiple electrodes into blood vessels in the heart. In addition to seeing the location and cause arrhythmias, electrophysiology studies can also be used as a method similar to the pressure test. The trick is to stimulate the heart to contract at a rate that could trigger rate changes by using electrodes.
- Cardiac catheterization. This method uses a similar tool electrophysiological study, namely catheter. But in a cardiac catheterization, examination carried out with the help of a special dye and X-ray to determine the condition of the booth, coronary, valves, and coronary arteries.
Actually, in some cases, doctors can easily diagnose arrhythmias through regular examination of the heart rate. However, there are several conditions other than arrhythmias which also has the same symptoms. Therefore, to better ensure that patients suffering from arrhythmias and causes, tests carried out in more detail. Prompt diagnosis will also help physicians provide appropriate treatment.
Treatment of Arrhythmia
There are some patients who do not require treatment arrhythmias. Treatment is usually given a doctor if they see symptoms of arrhythmia patients could potentially be worse or cause complications. The type of treatment given is:
- Drugs such as beta blocker drugs that can keep the heart rate to remain normal. There was also the anticoagulant drugs that reduce the risk of blood clots and stroke. Examples of anticoagulant drugs are aspirin, warfarin, rivaroxaban, and
- Pacemakers and implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD). Interest installation of this equipment is to keep the heart rate remained normal in cases of certain arrhythmias. This tool will be installed doctor under the skin of the upper chest. When the tool detects a change in heart rhythm, the device will send a short electrical shock to the heart to stop the abnormal rhythm and make it back to normal.
- Cardioversion. This method may be taken by the doctor if a case can not be handled by arrhythmia drugs. Through the method of electrical cardioversion, the doctor will give you an electric shock to the chest to restore normal heart rhythm. Of course this method is done with anesthesia beforehand. Electrical cardioversion is usually granted in cases of arrhythmia atrial fibrillation and supraventricular tachycardia.
- Ablation method. This method is usually used to treat arrhythmias lies the cause is already known. Through the method of ablation, the doctor will insert a catheter with X-ray guidance through a vein in the leg. When the catheter is able to find the source of heart rhythm disorders, then a small tool that will ruin small part of the heart tissue.
Prevention of Arrhythmia
- Arrhythmia is a heart problem that can be prevented by following these steps:
- Avoid or reduce stress.
- Eating healthy foods.
- Maintain a healthy weight.
- Not carelessly take medication without medication instructions from your doctor, especially cough and cold medicines that contain stimulants trigger rapid heart beat.
- Limiting consumption of alcohol and caffeine.
- Do not smoke.
- Exercise regularly.
Complications Arrhythmias
Complications occur if the arrhythmia makes the heart unable to pump blood effectively. If the arrhythmia is not immediately treated or did not receive proper treatment, then in the long term can lead to:
- Heart failure
- stroke
- Dead
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